Emergency gastrointestinal bleeds
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Emergency Gastrointestinal Bleeds
Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI bleeding) refers to bleeding that occurs in the digestive tract, which can range from mild to life-threatening. In the case of severe or emergency GI bleeding, it is important to take immediate action. Here are the steps for managing emergency gastrointestinal bleeds:
Call for emergency medical help: Contact emergency medical services (EMS) immediately, especially if the patient is experiencing severe symptoms such as vomiting blood, passing black or bloody stools, or experiencing dizziness or fainting.
Provide first aid: While waiting for emergency help to arrive, you can help the patient by keeping them calm and lying down. If the patient is vomiting, have them lean forward to avoid choking on the blood. If the patient is unconscious or not breathing, start CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) until EMS arrives.
Monitor vital signs: Monitor the patient’s vital signs, including pulse, blood pressure, and breathing. If the patient’s vital signs begin to deteriorate, start advanced life support procedures such as administering oxygen, intubation, or defibrillation.
Start IV fluids and blood transfusions: In the hospital, the medical team will start IV fluids and blood transfusions to replace the lost blood and fluids.
Conduct diagnostic tests: The medical team will conduct various diagnostic tests such as an upper GI endoscopy, a colonoscopy, or an angiography to identify the source of the bleeding.
Administer medication: The medical team may administer medication to reduce bleeding or prevent blood clots, such as proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, or vasoconstrictors.
Consider surgical intervention: In some cases, surgery may be required to stop the bleeding. The medical team will determine the appropriate course of action based on the patient’s condition and the severity of the bleeding.
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